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SKINS FOR VIRTUAL DJ 7 SKIN
Until full-thickness burns are restored with all of the normal structures and functions of uninjured skin, regenerative medicine of skin will remain an ambitious aspiration for future researchers and engineers to achieve. Current alternatives act by mechanisms of wound healing, not by developmental biology by which skin forms in utero with pigment, hair, sweat and sebaceous glands, microvasculature, and nerve. Despite these advances, no current alternatives for permanent wound closure restore the anatomy and physiology of uninjured skin. ESS can be applied clinically over a vascularized dermal substitute and generates stable wound closure that is smooth, soft, and strong. More recently, an autologous engineered skin substitute (ESS) has been reported and includes a C-GAG polymer populated with fibroblasts and keratinocytes which form basement membrane. An acellular dermal substitute consisting of collagen and glycosaminoglycans (C-GAG) provided more uniform dermal repair, and reduced needs for epidermal harvesting but was subject to loss from microbial contamination. Cultured epithelial autografts (CEA) promoted epidermal closure of wounds but were not stable during long-term recovery. Since the 1970s, alternatives consisting of cultured epidermal keratinocytes, and/or acellular dermal substitutes were studied and translated into services and devices that facilitated wound closure, survival, and recovery after major burns. Because STAG availability may be insufficient in life-threatening burns, alternatives have been evaluated for safety and efficacy of wound closure. Historically, split-thickness skin autograft (STAG) has served as the prevailing standard of care for closure of extensive, deep burns. Prompt and permanent wound closure after burn injuries remains a requirement for patient recovery.
